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Yellow boxfish (Ostracion cubicus) — Ostraciidae

Yellow boxfish

Ostracion cubicus
Family: Ostraciidae
NativeIntroduced

The Yellow boxfish (Ostracion cubicus) is a saltwater fish of the family Ostraciidae that grows up to 45 cm.

Length
45 cm
Water
Saltwater
Diet
Omnivore
Behaviour
Solitary
Body shape
Irregular
Substrate
Stone or rock
Danger
Harmless
Range
Indo-Pacific; coral and rocky reefs.
Edibility
Not eaten

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Description

The yellow boxfish is a striking reef fish of the boxfish family (Ostraciidae) from the Indo-Pacific. The species grows to about 45 cm and has a nearly cube-shaped, bony-plated body; juveniles are bright yellow with black spots, while adults become duller yellow-brown to blue-grey. It inhabits coral and rocky reefs and moves slowly with its pectoral and dorsal fins. As an omnivore it eats algae, sponges, small invertebrates and worms. When stressed the skin secretes a toxin (pahutoxin) that can kill other fishes in an enclosed space; for this reason the species is not eaten. When handled it is harmless to humans.

Frequently asked questions

How do you recognise the Yellow boxfish?

The Yellow boxfish has an irregular in shape body, is mainly yellow-gold and shows a spots pattern. Cube-shaped body armoured with bony plates; secretes the poison pahutoxin when stressed.

Where does the Yellow boxfish live?

The Yellow boxfish lives in the sea (marine waters) and is mostly found around stony or rocky ground. Indo-Pacific; coral and rocky reefs.

How big does the Yellow boxfish get?

The Yellow boxfish grows to a maximum of about 45 cm.

Is the Yellow boxfish dangerous to humans?

No, the Yellow boxfish is harmless to humans. None required: this species is harmless to humans.

Is the Yellow boxfish edible?

The Yellow boxfish is not usually eaten.

More photos

Yellow boxfish (Ostracion cubicus) — Ostraciidae — 2
Wikimedia Commons — Leonard Low from Australia (CC BY 2.0)
Yellow boxfish (Ostracion cubicus) — Ostraciidae — 3
iNaturalist ((c) Graham McMartin, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC))
Yellow boxfish (Ostracion cubicus) — Ostraciidae — 4
Wikimedia Commons — Albert kok (CC BY-SA 3.0)
Yellow boxfish (Ostracion cubicus) — Ostraciidae — 5
Wikimedia Commons — Derek Keats from Johannesburg, South Africa (CC BY 2.0)

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All data

Identification

English name
Yellow boxfish sourced
Scientific name
Ostracion cubicus
Family
Ostraciidae
Other names
Boxfish; Cube trunkfish; Polkadot boxfish; Black-spotted; Black-spotted boxfish; Blue-spotted boxfish; Blue-spotted box-fish; Box fish; Boxy; Cofferfish; Cowfish; Cubed boxfish

Appearance

Size class
Large
Max length (cm)
45 sourced
Body shape
Irregular sourced
Dominant colour
Yellow / gold
Pattern
Spots
Tail shape
Rounded
Mouth position
Terminal
Lips
Thick / fleshy
Barbels
No sourced
Dorsal fins
One continuous
Dorsal spines
No sourced

Habitat & distribution

Water type
Saltwater sourced
Substrate
Stone or rock sourced
Natural range
Indo-Pacific; coral and rocky reefs.
Origin
Native sourced

Behaviour & biology

Diet
Omnivore sourced
Diet (detail)
Algae, sponges, small invertebrates and worms sourced
Social behaviour
Solitary
Territorial
No
Reproduction
Separate sexes sourced
Sexual dimorphism
No
Seasonality
Present year-round in its habitat; no pronounced seasonality known.
Special features
Cube-shaped body armoured with bony plates; secretes the poison pahutoxin when stressed. sourced

For anglers

Edibility
Not eaten sourced
Fishing method
Not a target species for angling; at most an incidental catch or usable as baitfish.
Regulations source

Safety

Danger to humans
Harmless sourced
First aid
None required: this species is harmless to humans. sourced

Status & sources

Sources
FishBase via GBIF (DwC-A), CC-BY-NC 4.0

Same genus Ostracion

More from the family Ostraciidae

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