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Candlefish (Thaleichthys pacificus) — Osmeridae

Candlefish

Thaleichthys pacificus
Family: Osmeridae
LC · Least Concern

The Candlefish (Thaleichthys pacificus) is a fish that lives in both fresh and salt water of the family Osmeridae that grows up to 34 cm.

Length
34 cm
Water
Euryhaline
Depth
0.0–300.0 m
Diet
Carnivore
Behaviour
Large groups
Body shape
Elongated (eel-like)
Substrate
Open water
Danger
Harmless
Edibility
Commonly eaten

Description

The eulachon or candlefish is a small smelt of the family Osmeridae from the north-eastern Pacific. The species grows to about 34 cm and has a slender, silvery body. It is an anadromous fish: as an adult it lives in the sea and coastal inlets and in spring runs up rivers in masses to spawn, after which most die. It is so rich in oil that a dried specimen with a wick can burn like a candle, hence the name candlefish. As a plankton feeder it feeds on zooplankton. The eulachon is of great cultural and food importance to indigenous peoples of the Pacific coast. It is harmless to humans.

Frequently asked questions

How do you recognise the Candlefish?

The Candlefish has an elongate, eel-like body, is mainly silver-grey and shows a plain pattern.

Where does the Candlefish live?

The Candlefish lives in both fresh and salt water and is mostly found around open water.

How big does the Candlefish get?

The Candlefish grows to a maximum of about 34 cm. On average the species is around 20 cm.

Is the Candlefish dangerous to humans?

No, the Candlefish is harmless to humans.

Is the Candlefish edible?

Yes, the Candlefish is commonly eaten.

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All data

Identification

Dutch name
Eulachon sourced
English name
Candlefish verified
Scientific name
Thaleichthys pacificus
Family
Osmeridae
Other names
Candlefish; Columbia River smelt; Euclachon smelt; Eulachon verified

Appearance

Size class
Medium verified
Max length (cm)
34.0 verified
Average length (cm)
20.0 verified
Body shape
Elongated (eel-like) sourced
Dominant colour
Silver / grey inferred
Pattern
Plain inferred
Tail shape
Forked inferred
Mouth position
Terminal inferred
Lips
Thin inferred
Barbels
No sourced
Dorsal fins
One continuous inferred
Dorsal spines
No sourced

Habitat & distribution

Water type
Euryhaline sourced
Substrate
Open water sourced
Min depth (m)
0.0 verified
Max depth (m)
300.0 verified
Origin
Native sourced

Behaviour & biology

Diet
Carnivore sourced
Social behaviour
Large groups inferred
Territorial
No inferred
Reproduction
Separate sexes sourced
Sexual dimorphism
No inferred
levensduur_max_jaar
5.0 verified

For anglers

Edibility
Commonly eaten sourced
Fishing method
Sportvissen met kunstaas of (dood/levend) aasvis door te trollen, te werpen of drijvend te vissen in open water. inferred
Regulations source
FishBase ↗ inferred

Safety

Danger to humans
Harmless sourced

Status & sources

Sources
FishBase via GBIF (DwC-A), CC-BY-NC 4.0

More from the family Osmeridae

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