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American smelt (Osmerus mordax) — Osmeridae

American smelt

Osmerus mordax
Family: Osmeridae
LC · Least Concern

The American smelt (Osmerus mordax) is a fish that lives in both fresh and salt water of the family Osmeridae that grows up to 36 cm.

Length
35.6 cm
Water
Euryhaline
Depth
0.0–425.0 m
Diet
Carnivore
Behaviour
Schooling
Body shape
Elongated (eel-like)
Substrate
Open water
Danger
Harmless
Edibility
Commonly eaten

Description

The rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) is a slender smelt of the family Osmeridae from North America. The species has a streamlined, silvery body with an iridescent, rainbow-like sheen along the flank and reaches about 36 cm. It is a schooling fish living in clear, cool water in lakes, medium to large rivers and coastal waters; many populations are migratory and spawn in fresh water in spring. It feeds on zooplankton and small fishes. Freshly caught the fish smells characteristically of cucumber. The rainbow smelt is a valued sport and food fish caught with nets and rods.

Frequently asked questions

How do you recognise the American smelt?

The American smelt has an elongate, eel-like body, is mainly silver-grey and shows a plain pattern.

Where does the American smelt live?

The American smelt lives in both fresh and salt water and is mostly found around open water.

How big does the American smelt get?

The American smelt grows to a maximum of about 36 cm.

Is the American smelt dangerous to humans?

No, the American smelt is harmless to humans.

Is the American smelt edible?

Yes, the American smelt is commonly eaten.

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All data

Identification

Dutch name
Regenboogspiering sourced
English name
American smelt verified
Scientific name
Osmerus mordax
Family
Osmeridae
Other names
Atlantic rainbow smelt; Bay capelin; Bay caplin; Freshwater smelt; Frost fish verified

Appearance

Size class
Medium verified
Max length (cm)
35.6 verified
Body shape
Elongated (eel-like) sourced
Dominant colour
Silver / grey inferred
Pattern
Plain inferred
Tail shape
Forked inferred
Mouth position
Terminal inferred
Lips
Thin inferred
Barbels
No sourced
Dorsal fins
One continuous inferred
Dorsal spines
No sourced

Habitat & distribution

Water type
Euryhaline sourced
Substrate
Open water sourced
Min depth (m)
0.0 verified
Max depth (m)
425.0 verified
Origin
Native sourced

Behaviour & biology

Diet
Carnivore sourced
Social behaviour
Schooling inferred
Territorial
No inferred
Reproduction
Separate sexes sourced
Sexual dimorphism
No inferred
levensduur_max_jaar
7.0 verified

For anglers

Edibility
Commonly eaten sourced
Fishing method
Wordt in het voorjaar met schepnetten bij paaitrekken gevangen en in de winter met kleine haakjes door het ijs (ijsvissen). sourced
Regulations source
FishBase ↗ inferred

Safety

Danger to humans
Harmless sourced

Status & sources

Sources
FishBase via GBIF (DwC-A), CC-BY-NC 4.0

Same genus Osmerus

More from the family Osmeridae

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