Nine-spined stickleback
The Nine-spined stickleback (Pungitius pungitius) is a fish that lives in both fresh and salt water of the family Gasterosteidae that grows up to 9 cm.
Widespread in the northern hemisphere in fresh and brackish water of Europe, North Asia and North America.
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Description
The ninespine stickleback is a small fish of the family Gasterosteidae reaching about 9 cm. It is characterised by the seven to twelve short, free spines in front of the dorsal fin and the slender, brownish mottled body without true scales. The species lives in densely vegetated fresh and brackish water across the northern hemisphere, often among water plants. It hunts small invertebrates such as water fleas and mosquito larvae. In spring the male builds a small nest from plant material, glued together with a kidney secretion; he lures females to it and then guards the eggs and young. Like its relative the three-spined stickleback it is a popular study subject.
Frequently asked questions
How do you recognise the Nine-spined stickleback?
The Nine-spined stickleback has an elongate, eel-like body, is mainly brown and shows a marbled pattern. Small fish with seven to twelve separate dorsal spines; males build a small nest of plant material and tend the brood.
Where does the Nine-spined stickleback live?
The Nine-spined stickleback lives in both fresh and salt water and is mostly found around mixed bottom. Widespread in the northern hemisphere in fresh and brackish water of Europe, North Asia and North America.
How big does the Nine-spined stickleback get?
The Nine-spined stickleback grows to a maximum of about 9 cm. On average the species is around 7 cm.
Is the Nine-spined stickleback dangerous to humans?
No, the Nine-spined stickleback is harmless to humans. None required: this species is harmless to humans.
Is the Nine-spined stickleback edible?
The Nine-spined stickleback is not usually eaten.
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Easily confused with
These species look like the Nine-spined stickleback and live in the same waters.
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All data
Identification
Appearance
Habitat & distribution
Behaviour & biology
For anglers
Safety
Status & sources
Same genus Pungitius
More from the family Gasterosteidae
Want the complete picture on the Nine-spined stickleback?
Point your camera at the fish and Fin names the species in seconds. Free, and the Nine-spined stickleback is one of 12,519 species in the app.
Or scan with your phone