Home · Merlucciidae · European hake
European hake (Merluccius merluccius) — Merlucciidae

European hake

Merluccius merluccius
Family: Merlucciidae
LC · Least Concern

The European hake (Merluccius merluccius) is a saltwater fish of the family Merlucciidae that grows up to 140 cm.

Length
140 cm
Water
Saltwater
Depth
18.0–1075.0 m
Diet
Carnivore
Behaviour
Schooling
Activity
Nocturnal
Body shape
Elongated (eel-like)
Substrate
Sand / mud bottom
Danger
Harmless
Edibility
Highly prized

Description

The European hake is a slender, cod-like predator of the family Merlucciidae reaching about 1.4 metres. The silvery-grey, streamlined body has a pointed head with a large mouth full of sharp teeth and a blackish mouth lining; a chin barbel is absent. The species lives above and along the continental slope of the north-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean, from tens to more than a thousand metres. It makes a vertical migration: by day it stays deeper near the bottom, at night it hunts higher in the water column for schooling fish such as blue whiting, sardine and anchovy, and squid. The hake is one of the most important commercial fish of southern Europe and yields lean, fine white flesh.

Frequently asked questions

How do you recognise the European hake?

The European hake has an elongate, eel-like body, is mainly silver-grey and shows a plain pattern.

Where does the European hake live?

The European hake lives in the sea (marine waters) and is mostly found around sand or mud bottom.

How big does the European hake get?

The European hake grows to a maximum of about 140 cm. On average the species is around 45 cm.

Is the European hake dangerous to humans?

No, the European hake is harmless to humans.

Is the European hake edible?

Yes, the European hake is a highly prized food fish.

Download Fin's Fish Guide

Identify fish in seconds, log your catches and dives. Join the TestFlight beta.

Get the beta →

All data

Identification

Dutch name
Europese heek sourced
English name
European hake verified
Scientific name
Merluccius merluccius
Family
Merlucciidae
Other names
European hake; Hake verified

Appearance

Size class
Extra large verified
Max length (cm)
140.0 verified
Average length (cm)
45.0 verified
Body shape
Elongated (eel-like) sourced
Dominant colour
Silver / grey sourced
Pattern
Plain sourced
Tail shape
Straight inferred
Mouth position
Terminal inferred
Lips
Thin inferred
Barbels
No verified
Dorsal fins
Two separate sourced
Dorsal spines
No verified

Habitat & distribution

Water type
Saltwater verified
Substrate
Sand / mud bottom sourced
Min depth (m)
18.0 verified
Max depth (m)
1075.0 verified
Origin
Native verified

Behaviour & biology

Diet
Carnivore verified
Social behaviour
Schooling verified
Territorial
No verified
Activity
Nocturnal inferred
Reproduction
Separate sexes verified
Sexual dimorphism
No verified
levensduur_max_jaar
20.0 verified

For anglers

Edibility
Highly prized verified
Fishing method
Vooral commercieel met sleepnetten en beug; voor de sportvisserij soms vanaf boot met kunstaas of aasvis in dieper water sourced
Regulations source
FishBase ↗ inferred

Safety

Danger to humans
Harmless sourced

Status & sources

Sources
FishBase via GBIF (DwC-A), CC-BY-NC 4.0

Same genus Merluccius

More from the family Merlucciidae

Download Fin's Fish Guide

Identify fish in seconds, log your catches and dives. Join the TestFlight beta.

Get the beta →