Home · Tetraodontidae · Northern puffer
Northern puffer (Sphoeroides maculatus) — Tetraodontidae

Northern puffer

Sphoeroides maculatus
LC · Least Concern

The Northern puffer (Sphoeroides maculatus) is a saltwater fish of the family Tetraodontidae that grows up to 36 cm.

Length
36 cm
Water
Saltwater
Depth
10.0–183.0 m
Diet
Carnivore
Behaviour
Solitary
Activity
Diurnal
Body shape
Flat / disc-shaped
Substrate
Sand / mud bottom
Danger
Venomous / poisonous
Edibility
Rarely eaten

Description

The northern puffer is a stocky fish of the family Tetraodontidae (pufferfishes) reaching about 36 cm. The brown, spotted body has a white belly with small skin prickles and a parrot-like beak of fused teeth. When threatened the fish gulps water or air and inflates into a spiny ball, too large for most predators. The species lives on sandy and weedy bottoms of shallow coastal water and bays along the east coast of North America. With its beak it crushes shellfish, molluscs, sea urchins and worms. The organs and skin of pufferfishes can contain highly toxic tetrodotoxin; only the back muscle, when expertly prepared, is eaten.

Frequently asked questions

How do you recognise the Northern puffer?

The Northern puffer has a flattened, disc-shaped body, is mainly brown and shows a spots pattern.

Where does the Northern puffer live?

The Northern puffer lives in the sea (marine waters) and is mostly found around sand or mud bottom.

How big does the Northern puffer get?

The Northern puffer grows to a maximum of about 36 cm. On average the species is around 20 cm.

Is the Northern puffer dangerous to humans?

The Northern puffer is venomous — handle spines with care and seek medical help after a sting if needed.

Is the Northern puffer edible?

The Northern puffer is rarely eaten.

Download Fin's Fish Guide

Identify fish in seconds, log your catches and dives. Join the TestFlight beta.

Get the beta →

All data

Identification

Dutch name
Noordelijke kogelvis verified
English name
Northern puffer verified
Scientific name
Sphoeroides maculatus
Family
Tetraodontidae
Other names
Green eye; Northern puffer; Puff fish verified

Appearance

Size class
Medium verified
Max length (cm)
36.0 verified
Average length (cm)
20.0 verified
Body shape
Flat / disc-shaped sourced
Dominant colour
Brown sourced
Pattern
Spots sourced
Tail shape
Rounded inferred
Mouth position
Terminal inferred
Lips
Thick / fleshy inferred
Barbels
No verified
Dorsal fins
One continuous sourced
Dorsal spines
No verified

Habitat & distribution

Water type
Saltwater verified
Substrate
Sand / mud bottom verified
Min depth (m)
10.0 verified
Max depth (m)
183.0 verified
Origin
Native verified

Behaviour & biology

Diet
Carnivore verified
Social behaviour
Solitary verified
Territorial
No verified
Activity
Diurnal inferred
Reproduction
Separate sexes verified
Sexual dimorphism
No verified

For anglers

Edibility
Rarely eaten verified
Fishing method
Bodemvissen met natuurlijk aas (worm, garnaal of vis) op of vlak boven de bodem. inferred
Regulations source
FishBase ↗ inferred

Safety

Danger to humans
Venomous / poisonous verified

Status & sources

Sources
FishBase via GBIF (DwC-A), CC-BY-NC 4.0

Same genus Sphoeroides

More from the family Tetraodontidae

Download Fin's Fish Guide

Identify fish in seconds, log your catches and dives. Join the TestFlight beta.

Get the beta →