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Castor oil fish (Ruvettus pretiosus) — Gempylidae

Castor oil fish

Ruvettus pretiosus
Family: Gempylidae
LC · Least Concern

The Castor oil fish (Ruvettus pretiosus) is a saltwater fish of the family Gempylidae that grows up to 300 cm.

Length
300 cm
Water
Saltwater
Depth
100.0–975.0 m
Diet
Carnivore
Behaviour
Solitary
Body shape
Elongated (eel-like)
Substrate
Mixed bottom
Danger
Venomous / poisonous
Edibility
Rarely eaten

Description

The oilfish is a large deep-sea predator of the family Gempylidae reaching about 300 cm. The brown to dark-brown body has a notably rough skin studded with bony tubercles and a keel along the belly. The species lives near the bottom in all warm and temperate oceans, usually between 200 and 400 m, mostly solitary or in pairs, hunting fish, crustaceans and squid. Its flesh is very oily owing to wax esters the body cannot digest; eating large amounts has a strong purgative effect. For this reason the oilfish is eaten only sparingly and has limited commercial value.

Frequently asked questions

How do you recognise the Castor oil fish?

The Castor oil fish has an elongate, eel-like body, is mainly brown and shows a plain pattern.

Where does the Castor oil fish live?

The Castor oil fish lives in the sea (marine waters) and is mostly found around mixed bottom.

How big does the Castor oil fish get?

The Castor oil fish grows to a maximum of about 300 cm. On average the species is around 150 cm.

Is the Castor oil fish dangerous to humans?

The Castor oil fish is venomous — handle spines with care and seek medical help after a sting if needed.

Is the Castor oil fish edible?

The Castor oil fish is rarely eaten.

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All data

Identification

Dutch name
Olievis verified
English name
Castor oil fish verified
Scientific name
Ruvettus pretiosus
Family
Gempylidae
Other names
Castor oil fish; Escolar; Night barracuda; Oil fish verified

Appearance

Size class
Extra large verified
Max length (cm)
300.0 verified
Average length (cm)
150.0 verified
Body shape
Elongated (eel-like) sourced
Dominant colour
Brown sourced
Pattern
Plain sourced
Tail shape
Forked sourced
Mouth position
Terminal inferred
Lips
Thin inferred
Barbels
No verified
Dorsal fins
Two separate sourced
Dorsal spines
Yes verified

Habitat & distribution

Water type
Saltwater sourced
Substrate
Mixed bottom sourced
Min depth (m)
100.0 verified
Max depth (m)
975.0 verified
Origin
Native verified

Behaviour & biology

Diet
Carnivore verified
Social behaviour
Solitary verified
Territorial
No verified
Reproduction
Separate sexes verified
Sexual dimorphism
No verified

For anglers

Edibility
Rarely eaten verified
Fishing method
Bodemvissen met natuurlijk aas (worm, garnaal of vis) op of vlak boven de bodem. inferred
Regulations source
FishBase ↗ inferred

Safety

Danger to humans
Venomous / poisonous sourced

Status & sources

Sources
FishBase via GBIF (DwC-A), CC-BY-NC 4.0

More from the family Gempylidae

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