Home · Heterodontidae · Horn shark
Horn shark (Heterodontus francisci) — Heterodontidae

Horn shark

Heterodontus francisci
DD · Data Deficient

The Horn shark (Heterodontus francisci) is a saltwater fish of the family Heterodontidae that grows up to 122 cm.

Length
122 cm
Water
Saltwater
Depth
0.0–152.0 m
Diet
Carnivore
Behaviour
Solitary
Activity
Nocturnal
Body shape
Elongated (eel-like)
Substrate
Sand / mud bottom
Danger
Can cause injury
Edibility
Rarely eaten

Description

The horn shark is a small, sluggish bottom shark of the family Heterodontidae from the eastern Pacific. It grows to about 1.2 metres and has a blunt, broad head with prominent brow ridges and a stout spine in front of each of its two dorsal fins. By day it shelters solitarily in rock crevices, kelp beds and small caves and often returns to the same resting place; by night it hunts bottom animals such as sea urchins, molluscs and crustaceans, crushing them with powerful teeth. The dorsal spines can cause injury if handled carelessly. Otherwise the species is harmless to humans.

Frequently asked questions

How do you recognise the Horn shark?

The Horn shark has an elongate, eel-like body, is mainly brown and shows a spots pattern.

Where does the Horn shark live?

The Horn shark lives in the sea (marine waters) and is mostly found around sand or mud bottom.

How big does the Horn shark get?

The Horn shark grows to a maximum of about 122 cm. On average the species is around 97 cm.

Is the Horn shark dangerous to humans?

The Horn shark can cause injury; handle it with care.

Is the Horn shark edible?

The Horn shark is rarely eaten.

Download Fin's Fish Guide

Identify fish in seconds, log your catches and dives. Join the TestFlight beta.

Get the beta →

All data

Identification

Dutch name
Californische stierkophaai sourced
English name
Horn shark verified
Scientific name
Heterodontus francisci
Family
Heterodontidae
Other names
Horn shark verified

Appearance

Size class
Extra large verified
Max length (cm)
122.0 verified
Average length (cm)
97.0 verified
Body shape
Elongated (eel-like) sourced
Dominant colour
Brown inferred
Pattern
Spots inferred
Tail shape
Straight inferred
Mouth position
Inferior (downward) inferred
Lips
Thin inferred
Barbels
No sourced
Dorsal fins
Two separate inferred
Dorsal spines
Yes sourced

Habitat & distribution

Water type
Saltwater sourced
Substrate
Sand / mud bottom sourced
Min depth (m)
0.0 verified
Max depth (m)
152.0 verified
Origin
Native sourced

Behaviour & biology

Diet
Carnivore sourced
Social behaviour
Solitary inferred
Territorial
No inferred
Activity
Nocturnal inferred
Reproduction
Separate sexes sourced
Sexual dimorphism
No inferred
levensduur_max_jaar
12.0 verified

For anglers

Edibility
Rarely eaten sourced
Fishing method
Bodemvissen met natuurlijk aas (worm, garnaal of vis) op of vlak boven de bodem. inferred
Regulations source
FishBase ↗ inferred

Safety

Danger to humans
Can cause injury sourced

Status & sources

Sources
FishBase via GBIF (DwC-A), CC-BY-NC 4.0

Same genus Heterodontus

More from the family Heterodontidae

Download Fin's Fish Guide

Identify fish in seconds, log your catches and dives. Join the TestFlight beta.

Get the beta →