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Velvet belly (Etmopterus spinax) — Etmopteridae

Velvet belly

Etmopterus spinax
Family: Etmopteridae
VU · Vulnerable

The Velvet belly (Etmopterus spinax) is a saltwater fish of the family Etmopteridae that grows up to 60 cm.

Length
60 cm
Water
Saltwater
Depth
70.0–2490.0 m
Diet
Carnivore
Behaviour
Solitary
Body shape
Elongated (eel-like)
Substrate
Sand / mud bottom
Danger
Harmless
Edibility
Not eaten

Description

The velvet belly lanternshark is a small deep-sea shark of the family Etmopteridae reaching about 60 cm. It is named for its velvety-black underside, covered with light organs (photophores) that camouflage the shark in the dim depths. A spine stands in front of each of the two dorsal fins. The velvet belly lives on the outer continental shelf and upper slope of the eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean, usually between 200 and 500 m, hunting small fish, squid and crustaceans. It is ovoviviparous, bearing 6 to 20 pups per litter. Fishing pressure has left the species assessed as Vulnerable.

Frequently asked questions

How do you recognise the Velvet belly?

The Velvet belly has an elongate, eel-like body, is mainly black and shows a plain pattern.

Where does the Velvet belly live?

The Velvet belly lives in the sea (marine waters) and is mostly found around sand or mud bottom.

How big does the Velvet belly get?

The Velvet belly grows to a maximum of about 60 cm. On average the species is around 45 cm.

Is the Velvet belly dangerous to humans?

No, the Velvet belly is harmless to humans.

Is the Velvet belly edible?

The Velvet belly is not usually eaten.

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All data

Identification

Dutch name
Zwarte lantaarnhaai verified
English name
Velvet belly verified
Scientific name
Etmopterus spinax
Family
Etmopteridae
Other names
Velvet belly; Velvet belly lantern shark verified

Appearance

Size class
Large verified
Max length (cm)
60.0 verified
Average length (cm)
45.0 verified
Body shape
Elongated (eel-like) sourced
Dominant colour
Black sourced
Pattern
Plain sourced
Tail shape
Crescent (lunate) sourced
Mouth position
Inferior (downward) inferred
Lips
Thin inferred
Barbels
No verified
Dorsal fins
Two separate sourced
Dorsal spines
Yes verified

Habitat & distribution

Water type
Saltwater sourced
Substrate
Sand / mud bottom sourced
Min depth (m)
70.0 verified
Max depth (m)
2490.0 verified
Origin
Native verified

Behaviour & biology

Diet
Carnivore verified
Social behaviour
Solitary verified
Territorial
No verified
Reproduction
Separate sexes verified
Sexual dimorphism
No verified

For anglers

Edibility
Not eaten verified
Fishing method
Bodemvissen met natuurlijk aas (worm, garnaal of vis) op of vlak boven de bodem. inferred
Regulations source
FishBase ↗ inferred

Safety

Danger to humans
Harmless sourced

Status & sources

Sources
FishBase via GBIF (DwC-A), CC-BY-NC 4.0

Same genus Etmopterus

More from the family Etmopteridae

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