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Atlantic goliath grouper (Epinephelus itajara) — Serranidae

Atlantic goliath grouper

Epinephelus itajara
Family: Serranidae
VU · Vulnerable

The Atlantic goliath grouper (Epinephelus itajara) is a saltwater fish of the family Serranidae that grows up to 250 cm.

Length
250 cm
Water
Saltwater
Depth
0.0–100.0 m
Diet
Carnivore
Behaviour
Solitary
Activity
Diurnal
Body shape
Torpedo-shaped
Substrate
Stone or rock
Danger
Harmless
Edibility
Rarely eaten

Description

The Atlantic goliath grouper is a giant grouper of the family Serranidae reaching about 2.5 metres and over 300 kg, one of the largest reef fish of the Atlantic. The brown-yellow body is dotted with small dark spots and has a broad head with small eyes. The species lives near reefs, wrecks and in mangroves of the Atlantic on both sides, along the western Atlantic coast and the West African coast; young fish grow up among mangrove roots. As an ambush predator it engulfs mainly crabs and crustaceans, but also fish and young sea turtles. It gathers in large spawning aggregations, which made it highly vulnerable to overfishing; it is assessed as Vulnerable (VU) and is strictly protected.

Frequently asked questions

How do you recognise the Atlantic goliath grouper?

The Atlantic goliath grouper has a torpedo-shaped body, is mainly brown and shows a spots pattern.

Where does the Atlantic goliath grouper live?

The Atlantic goliath grouper lives in the sea (marine waters) and is mostly found around stony or rocky ground.

How big does the Atlantic goliath grouper get?

The Atlantic goliath grouper grows to a maximum of about 250 cm. On average the species is around 150 cm.

Is the Atlantic goliath grouper dangerous to humans?

No, the Atlantic goliath grouper is harmless to humans.

Is the Atlantic goliath grouper edible?

The Atlantic goliath grouper is rarely eaten.

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All data

Identification

Dutch name
Goliath-tandbaars inferred
English name
Atlantic goliath grouper verified
Scientific name
Epinephelus itajara
Family
Serranidae
Other names
Atlantic goliath grouper; Black bass; Coral cod; Esonue grouper; Giant grouper verified

Appearance

Size class
Extra large verified
Max length (cm)
250.0 verified
Average length (cm)
150.0 verified
Body shape
Torpedo-shaped sourced
Dominant colour
Brown sourced
Pattern
Spots sourced
Tail shape
Rounded inferred
Mouth position
Terminal inferred
Lips
Thick / fleshy inferred
Barbels
No verified
Dorsal fins
One continuous sourced
Dorsal spines
Yes verified

Habitat & distribution

Water type
Saltwater verified
Substrate
Stone or rock verified
Min depth (m)
0.0 verified
Max depth (m)
100.0 verified
Origin
Native verified

Behaviour & biology

Diet
Carnivore verified
Social behaviour
Solitary verified
Territorial
Yes verified
Activity
Diurnal inferred
Reproduction
Separate sexes verified
Sexual dimorphism
No verified
levensduur_max_jaar
37.0 verified

For anglers

Edibility
Rarely eaten verified
Fishing method
Vroeger met zwaar bodemtuig bij wrakken en riffen; vandaag streng beschermd en vrijwel overal gesloten voor de visserij sourced
Regulations source
FishBase ↗ inferred

Safety

Danger to humans
Harmless verified

Status & sources

Sources
FishBase via GBIF (DwC-A), CC-BY-NC 4.0

Same genus Epinephelus

More from the family Serranidae

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