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Mediterranean sand smelt (Atherina hepsetus) — Atherinidae

Mediterranean sand smelt

Atherina hepsetus
Family: Atherinidae
LC · Least Concern

The Mediterranean sand smelt (Atherina hepsetus) is a fish that lives in both fresh and salt water of the family Atherinidae that grows up to 20 cm.

Length
20 cm
Water
Euryhaline
Diet
Carnivore
Behaviour
Schooling
Activity
Diurnal
Body shape
Elongated (eel-like)
Substrate
Open water
Danger
Harmless
Edibility
Commonly eaten

Description

The Mediterranean sand smelt is a slender, translucent silvery fish of the family Atherinidae reaching about 20 cm. Characteristic are the large eyes, two separate dorsal fins and a broad, gleaming silver band along the flank. The species is euryhaline and lives in shallow coastal and brackish water of the Mediterranean, the Black Sea and the adjacent eastern Atlantic coast. In the warm months it forms large schools in the surf, in harbours and around piers, often just below the surface. It hunts zooplankton, small crustaceans and larvae. In spring and summer it spawns, the eggs attaching with fine threads to weeds. As an abundant prey fish it is important food for larger fish and seabirds, and it is locally eaten fried.

Frequently asked questions

How do you recognise the Mediterranean sand smelt?

The Mediterranean sand smelt has an elongate, eel-like body, is mainly silver-grey and shows a horizontal stripes pattern.

Where does the Mediterranean sand smelt live?

The Mediterranean sand smelt lives in both fresh and salt water and is mostly found around open water.

How big does the Mediterranean sand smelt get?

The Mediterranean sand smelt grows to a maximum of about 20 cm. On average the species is around 15 cm.

Is the Mediterranean sand smelt dangerous to humans?

No, the Mediterranean sand smelt is harmless to humans.

Is the Mediterranean sand smelt edible?

Yes, the Mediterranean sand smelt is commonly eaten.

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All data

Identification

Dutch name
Mediterrane koornaarvis inferred
English name
Mediterranean sand smelt verified
Scientific name
Atherina hepsetus
Family
Atherinidae
Other names
Mediterranean sand smelt; Sand smelt; Smelt verified

Appearance

Size class
Medium verified
Max length (cm)
20.0 verified
Average length (cm)
15.0 verified
Body shape
Elongated (eel-like) sourced
Dominant colour
Silver / grey sourced
Pattern
Horizontal stripes sourced
Tail shape
Forked inferred
Mouth position
Superior (upward) inferred
Lips
Thin inferred
Barbels
No verified
Dorsal fins
Two separate sourced
Dorsal spines
Yes verified

Habitat & distribution

Water type
Euryhaline verified
Substrate
Open water sourced
Origin
Native verified

Behaviour & biology

Diet
Carnivore verified
Social behaviour
Schooling verified
Territorial
No verified
Activity
Diurnal inferred
Reproduction
Separate sexes verified
Sexual dimorphism
No verified

For anglers

Edibility
Commonly eaten verified
Fishing method
Sportvissen met kunstaas of (dood/levend) aasvis door te trollen, te werpen of drijvend te vissen in open water. inferred
Regulations source
FishBase ↗ inferred

Safety

Danger to humans
Harmless sourced

Status & sources

Sources
FishBase via GBIF (DwC-A), CC-BY-NC 4.0

Same genus Atherina

More from the family Atherinidae

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