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Swordfish (Xiphias gladius) — Xiphiidae

Swordfish

Xiphias gladius
Family: Xiphiidae
NT · Near Threatened

The Swordfish (Xiphias gladius) is a saltwater fish of the family Xiphiidae that grows up to 455 cm.

Length
455 cm
Water
Saltwater
Depth
0.0–2878.0 m
Diet
Carnivore
Behaviour
Solitary
Activity
Crepuscular
Body shape
Elongated (eel-like)
Substrate
Open water
Danger
Harmless
Edibility
Highly prized

Description

The swordfish is a large, powerful oceanic predator of the family Xiphiidae that can reach about 4.5 metres. Characteristic is the upper jaw extended into a long, flat sword, with which the fish injures and scatters prey schools. The streamlined body is dark above and paler below and, as an adult, lacks scales and pelvic fins. The swordfish is partly warm-blooded, allowing it to stay active in cold, deep water; by day it dives hundreds of metres, at night it hunts higher in the water column for squid and schooling fish. It lives oceanically in warm and temperate seas worldwide. Due to heavy fishing it is assessed as Near Threatened (NT) and is a prized sport and food fish.

Frequently asked questions

How do you recognise the Swordfish?

The Swordfish has an elongate, eel-like body, is mainly black and shows a plain pattern.

Where does the Swordfish live?

The Swordfish lives in the sea (marine waters) and is mostly found around open water.

How big does the Swordfish get?

The Swordfish grows to a maximum of about 455 cm. On average the species is around 300 cm.

Is the Swordfish dangerous to humans?

No, the Swordfish is harmless to humans.

Is the Swordfish edible?

Yes, the Swordfish is a highly prized food fish.

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All data

Identification

Dutch name
Zwaardvis verified
English name
Swordfish verified
Scientific name
Xiphias gladius
Family
Xiphiidae
Other names
Broadbill; Broadbill swordfish verified

Appearance

Size class
Extra large verified
Max length (cm)
455.0 verified
Average length (cm)
300.0 verified
Body shape
Elongated (eel-like) sourced
Dominant colour
Black sourced
Pattern
Plain sourced
Tail shape
Crescent (lunate) inferred
Mouth position
Beak-shaped inferred
Lips
Thin inferred
Barbels
No verified
Dorsal fins
Two separate sourced
Dorsal spines
No verified

Habitat & distribution

Water type
Saltwater verified
Substrate
Open water sourced
Min depth (m)
0.0 verified
Max depth (m)
2878.0 verified
Origin
Native verified

Behaviour & biology

Diet
Carnivore verified
Social behaviour
Solitary verified
Territorial
No verified
Activity
Crepuscular inferred
Reproduction
Separate sexes verified
Sexual dimorphism
No verified

For anglers

Edibility
Highly prized verified
Fishing method
Diepzee-sportvisserij: sleephengelen (trolling) en diep vissen met dode aasvis of inktvis; zware uitrusting vereist sourced
Regulations source
FishBase ↗ inferred

Safety

Danger to humans
Harmless verified

Status & sources

Sources
FishBase via GBIF (DwC-A), CC-BY-NC 4.0

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