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African knifefish (Xenomystus nigri) — Notopteridae

African knifefish

Xenomystus nigri
Family: Notopteridae
LC · Least Concern

The African knifefish (Xenomystus nigri) is a freshwater fish of the family Notopteridae that grows up to 30 cm.

Length
30 cm
Water
Freshwater
Diet
Carnivore
Behaviour
Small groups
Activity
Nocturnal
Body shape
Elongated (eel-like)
Substrate
Algae or seagrass meadow
Danger
Harmless
Edibility
Rarely eaten

Description

The African knifefish is a knife-shaped fish of the family Notopteridae (featherbacks) reaching about 30 cm. The strongly compressed, rearward-tapering body lacks a dorsal fin but has a very long anal fin that runs unbroken into the pointed tail; with it the fish swims forward and backward in undulating movements. It can gulp air to tolerate oxygen-poor water and sometimes makes a soft barking sound. The species comes from West and Central Africa and lives in slow, densely vegetated forest and swamp water. At night it searches among plants and roots for insect larvae, worms and small crustaceans. For its unusual shape it is popular in the aquarium hobby.

Frequently asked questions

How do you recognise the African knifefish?

The African knifefish has an elongate, eel-like body, is mainly brown and shows a plain pattern.

Where does the African knifefish live?

The African knifefish lives in fresh water and is mostly found around algae or seagrass beds.

How big does the African knifefish get?

The African knifefish grows to a maximum of about 30 cm.

Is the African knifefish dangerous to humans?

No, the African knifefish is harmless to humans.

Is the African knifefish edible?

The African knifefish is rarely eaten.

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All data

Identification

Dutch name
Afrikaanse mesvis inferred
English name
African knifefish verified
Scientific name
Xenomystus nigri
Family
Notopteridae
Other names
African knifefish; African knife-fish; False featherback verified

Appearance

Size class
Medium verified
Max length (cm)
30.0 verified
Body shape
Elongated (eel-like) verified
Dominant colour
Brown sourced
Pattern
Plain sourced
Tail shape
Rounded inferred
Mouth position
Terminal inferred
Lips
Thick / fleshy inferred
Barbels
No verified
Dorsal fins
One continuous sourced
Dorsal spines
No verified

Habitat & distribution

Water type
Freshwater verified
Substrate
Algae or seagrass meadow verified
Origin
Native verified

Behaviour & biology

Diet
Carnivore verified
Social behaviour
Small groups verified
Territorial
Yes verified
Activity
Nocturnal inferred
Reproduction
Separate sexes verified
Sexual dimorphism
No verified

For anglers

Edibility
Rarely eaten verified
Fishing method
Vissen met natuurlijk aas (vis, garnaal, worm) of kunstaas dicht bij rif- en rotsstructuren. inferred
Regulations source
FishBase ↗ inferred

Safety

Danger to humans
Harmless verified

Status & sources

Sources
FishBase via GBIF (DwC-A), CC-BY-NC 4.0

More from the family Notopteridae

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