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Mud sole (Vanstraelenia chirophthalma) — Soleidae

Mud sole

Vanstraelenia chirophthalma
Family: Soleidae
LC · Least Concern

The Mud sole (Vanstraelenia chirophthalma) is a brackish-water fish of the family Soleidae that grows up to 28 cm.

Length
28 cm
Water
Brackish
Depth
8.0–100.0 m
Diet
Carnivore
Behaviour
Solitary
Activity
Nocturnal
Body shape
Flatfish
Substrate
Sand / mud bottom
Danger
Harmless
Edibility
Rarely eaten

Description

The mud sole is a small sole of the family Soleidae (true soles) reaching about 28 cm and typical of turbid estuaries. The elongate-oval body has a rounded snout and both eyes on the right side; the small mouth is inferior. The brown, marbled upper side gives good camouflage on muddy bottoms. The species lives over muddy bottoms of estuaries, lagoons and coastal water along the West African coast and tolerates strongly varying salinities. On the bottom it searches, mainly at night, for worms, small crustaceans and molluscs. Because of its small size it has little commercial value and is mostly landed as bycatch.

Frequently asked questions

How do you recognise the Mud sole?

The Mud sole has a flatfish-shaped body, is mainly brown and shows a spots pattern.

Where does the Mud sole live?

The Mud sole lives in brackish water and is mostly found around sand or mud bottom.

How big does the Mud sole get?

The Mud sole grows to a maximum of about 28 cm.

Is the Mud sole dangerous to humans?

No, the Mud sole is harmless to humans.

Is the Mud sole edible?

The Mud sole is rarely eaten.

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All data

Identification

Dutch name
Estuarium-tong inferred
English name
Mud sole verified
Scientific name
Vanstraelenia chirophthalma
Family
Soleidae
Other names
African solenette sourced

Appearance

Size class
Medium verified
Max length (cm)
28.0 verified
Body shape
Flatfish verified
Dominant colour
Brown sourced
Pattern
Spots sourced
Tail shape
Rounded inferred
Mouth position
Inferior (downward) inferred
Lips
Thick / fleshy inferred
Barbels
No verified
Dorsal fins
One continuous sourced
Dorsal spines
No verified

Habitat & distribution

Water type
Brackish verified
Substrate
Sand / mud bottom verified
Min depth (m)
8.0 verified
Max depth (m)
100.0 verified
Origin
Native verified

Behaviour & biology

Diet
Carnivore verified
Social behaviour
Solitary verified
Territorial
No verified
Activity
Nocturnal inferred
Reproduction
Separate sexes verified
Sexual dimorphism
No verified

For anglers

Edibility
Rarely eaten verified
Fishing method
Bodemvissen met natuurlijk aas (worm, garnaal of vis) op of vlak boven de bodem. inferred
Regulations source
FishBase ↗ inferred

Safety

Danger to humans
Harmless verified

Status & sources

Sources
FishBase via GBIF (DwC-A), CC-BY-NC 4.0

More from the family Soleidae

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