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European plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) — Pleuronectidae

European plaice

Pleuronectes platessa
LC · Least Concern

The European plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) is a brackish-water fish of the family Pleuronectidae that grows up to 100 cm.

Length
100 cm
Water
Brackish
Depth
0.0–200.0 m
Diet
Carnivore
Behaviour
Solitary
Activity
Nocturnal
Body shape
Flat / disc-shaped
Substrate
Sand / mud bottom
Danger
Harmless
Edibility
Highly prized

Description

The European plaice is a right-eyed flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae that can reach about 100 cm but usually stays around 40 cm. The eyed side is smooth, brown to greenish-brown and scattered with conspicuous bright red-orange spots; the blind underside is white. A row of bony knobs lies behind the eyes. The plaice lives on sand and mud bottoms of the north-eastern Atlantic and North Sea, usually between 10 and 50 m, and is active at night. It feeds on thin-shelled molluscs and polychaete worms, makes long spawning migrations and can live exceptionally long. It is one of the most important flatfishes for fisheries.

Frequently asked questions

How do you recognise the European plaice?

The European plaice has a flattened, disc-shaped body, is mainly brown and shows a spots pattern.

Where does the European plaice live?

The European plaice lives in brackish water and is mostly found around sand or mud bottom.

How big does the European plaice get?

The European plaice grows to a maximum of about 100 cm. On average the species is around 40 cm.

Is the European plaice dangerous to humans?

No, the European plaice is harmless to humans.

Is the European plaice edible?

Yes, the European plaice is a highly prized food fish.

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All data

Identification

Dutch name
Schol verified
English name
European plaice verified
Scientific name
Pleuronectes platessa
Family
Pleuronectidae
Other names
European plaice; Flatfish; Fluke; Hen fish; Plaice verified

Appearance

Size class
Extra large verified
Max length (cm)
100.0 verified
Average length (cm)
40.0 verified
Body shape
Flat / disc-shaped sourced
Dominant colour
Brown sourced
Pattern
Spots sourced
Tail shape
Straight sourced
Mouth position
Terminal inferred
Barbels
No verified
Dorsal fins
One continuous sourced
Dorsal spines
No verified

Habitat & distribution

Water type
Brackish sourced
Substrate
Sand / mud bottom sourced
Min depth (m)
0.0 verified
Max depth (m)
200.0 verified
Origin
Native verified

Behaviour & biology

Diet
Carnivore verified
Social behaviour
Solitary verified
Territorial
No verified
Activity
Nocturnal sourced
Reproduction
Separate sexes verified
Sexual dimorphism
No verified
levensduur_max_jaar
50 verified

For anglers

Edibility
Highly prized verified
Fishing method
Bodemvissen met natuurlijk aas (worm, garnaal of vis) op of vlak boven de bodem. inferred
Regulations source
FishBase ↗ inferred

Safety

Danger to humans
Harmless sourced

Status & sources

Sources
FishBase via GBIF (DwC-A), CC-BY-NC 4.0

Same genus Pleuronectes

More from the family Pleuronectidae

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