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Common minnow (Phoxinus phoxinus) — Cyprinidae

Common minnow

Phoxinus phoxinus
Family: Cyprinidae
LC · Least Concern

The Common minnow (Phoxinus phoxinus) is a freshwater fish of the family Cyprinidae that grows up to 14 cm.

Length
14 cm
Water
Freshwater
Diet
Omnivore
Behaviour
Schooling
Activity
Diurnal
Body shape
Elongated (eel-like)
Substrate
Sand / mud bottom
Danger
Harmless
Edibility
Rarely eaten

Description

The common minnow is a small, slender schooling fish of the family Cyprinidae reaching about 14 cm but usually smaller. The elongate body has very fine scales and is brown-green with a golden sheen and a broken dark lengthwise band. In the breeding season males colour brightly, with a fiery red belly and white tubercles on the head. The species lives in large schools in cool, clear, oxygen-rich streams, rivers and lakes of Europe and northern Asia and is regarded as an indicator of clean water. It eats insect larvae, small crustaceans, algae and detritus. In spring it spawns in shallow, flowing water over gravel. As an abundant prey fish it is key food for trout and predators.

Frequently asked questions

How do you recognise the Common minnow?

The Common minnow has an elongate, eel-like body, is mainly brown and shows a marbled pattern.

Where does the Common minnow live?

The Common minnow lives in fresh water and is mostly found around sand or mud bottom.

How big does the Common minnow get?

The Common minnow grows to a maximum of about 14 cm. On average the species is around 7 cm.

Is the Common minnow dangerous to humans?

No, the Common minnow is harmless to humans.

Is the Common minnow edible?

The Common minnow is rarely eaten.

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All data

Identification

Dutch name
Elrits sourced
English name
Common minnow verified
Scientific name
Phoxinus phoxinus
Family
Cyprinidae
Other names
Common minnow; Eurasian minnow; European minnow verified

Appearance

Size class
Small verified
Max length (cm)
14.0 verified
Average length (cm)
7.0 verified
Body shape
Elongated (eel-like) sourced
Dominant colour
Brown sourced
Pattern
Marbled sourced
Tail shape
Forked inferred
Mouth position
Terminal inferred
Lips
Thin inferred
Barbels
No verified
Dorsal fins
One continuous sourced
Dorsal spines
No verified

Habitat & distribution

Water type
Freshwater verified
Substrate
Sand / mud bottom sourced
Origin
Native verified

Behaviour & biology

Diet
Omnivore verified
Social behaviour
Schooling verified
Territorial
No verified
Activity
Diurnal inferred
Reproduction
Separate sexes verified
Sexual dimorphism
Yes verified
levensduur_max_jaar
11.0 verified

For anglers

Edibility
Rarely eaten verified
Fishing method
Klein van stuk en nauwelijks een hengelsportdoel; wordt vooral incidenteel of als aasvis gevangen. inferred
Regulations source
FishBase ↗ inferred

Safety

Danger to humans
Harmless verified

Status & sources

Sources
FishBase via GBIF (DwC-A), CC-BY-NC 4.0

Same genus Phoxinus

More from the family Cyprinidae

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