Home · Paralichthyidae · Southern flounder
Southern flounder (Paralichthys lethostigma) — Paralichthyidae

Southern flounder

Paralichthys lethostigma
LC · Least Concern

The Southern flounder (Paralichthys lethostigma) is a fish that lives in both fresh and salt water of the family Paralichthyidae that grows up to 83 cm.

Length
83 cm
Water
Euryhaline
Depth
1.0–43.0 m
Diet
Carnivore
Behaviour
Solitary
Activity
Nocturnal
Body shape
Flat / disc-shaped
Substrate
Sand / mud bottom
Danger
Harmless
Edibility
Highly prized

Description

The southern flounder is a large flatfish of the family Paralichthyidae reaching about 83 cm. Like all flatfish the larva starts symmetrical and tilts onto the bottom as it grows; in this species both eyes lie on the left side. The upper side is brown with dark and light blotches and matches the colour of the bottom, while the underside is white. The species lives buried on soft sand and mud bottoms of coastal water and estuaries along the western Atlantic coast and the Gulf of Mexico; juveniles range far into brackish and fresh water. As an ambush hunter it takes small fish, shrimp and crabs. With its tasty flesh it is a prized sport and market fish.

Frequently asked questions

How do you recognise the Southern flounder?

The Southern flounder has a flattened, disc-shaped body, is mainly brown and shows a spots pattern.

Where does the Southern flounder live?

The Southern flounder lives in both fresh and salt water and is mostly found around sand or mud bottom.

How big does the Southern flounder get?

The Southern flounder grows to a maximum of about 83 cm. On average the species is around 50 cm.

Is the Southern flounder dangerous to humans?

No, the Southern flounder is harmless to humans.

Is the Southern flounder edible?

Yes, the Southern flounder is a highly prized food fish.

Download Fin's Fish Guide

Identify fish in seconds, log your catches and dives. Join the TestFlight beta.

Get the beta →

All data

Identification

Dutch name
Zuidelijke bot inferred
English name
Southern flounder verified
Scientific name
Paralichthys lethostigma
Family
Paralichthyidae
Other names
Fluke; Southern flounder verified

Appearance

Size class
Extra large verified
Max length (cm)
83.0 verified
Average length (cm)
50.0 verified
Body shape
Flat / disc-shaped sourced
Dominant colour
Brown sourced
Pattern
Spots sourced
Tail shape
Rounded inferred
Mouth position
Terminal inferred
Lips
Thick / fleshy inferred
Barbels
No verified
Dorsal fins
One continuous sourced
Dorsal spines
No verified

Habitat & distribution

Water type
Euryhaline verified
Substrate
Sand / mud bottom verified
Min depth (m)
1.0 verified
Max depth (m)
43.0 verified
Origin
Native verified

Behaviour & biology

Diet
Carnivore verified
Social behaviour
Solitary verified
Territorial
No verified
Activity
Nocturnal inferred
Reproduction
Separate sexes verified
Sexual dimorphism
No verified
levensduur_max_jaar
8.0 verified

For anglers

Edibility
Highly prized verified
Fishing method
Speren bij nacht ('gigging') of vissen met aasvisje of garnaal over zachte bodems; een geliefde, smakelijke platvis sourced
Regulations source
FishBase ↗ inferred

Safety

Danger to humans
Harmless verified

Status & sources

Sources
FishBase via GBIF (DwC-A), CC-BY-NC 4.0

Same genus Paralichthys

More from the family Paralichthyidae

Download Fin's Fish Guide

Identify fish in seconds, log your catches and dives. Join the TestFlight beta.

Get the beta →