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Burbot (Lota lota) — Lotidae

Burbot

Lota lota
Family: Lotidae
LC · Least Concern

The Burbot (Lota lota) is a brackish-water fish of the family Lotidae that grows up to 152 cm.

Length
152 cm
Water
Brackish
Depth
1.0–700.0 m
Diet
Carnivore
Behaviour
Solitary
Activity
Nocturnal
Body shape
Elongated (eel-like)
Substrate
Sand / mud bottom
Danger
Harmless
Edibility
Commonly eaten

Description

The burbot is the only freshwater member of the cod order and belongs to the family Lotidae; it reaches about 150 cm but usually stays much smaller. The elongate, eel-like body is yellow-brown and darkly mottled, with a broad flat head, a single barbel under the chin, a short first and a long second dorsal fin and a rounded tail. The species lives in cool, oxygen-rich rivers and lakes of the northern hemisphere and is active at night; by day it shelters under stones, roots and banks. As a predator it hunts fish, crayfish and insect larvae. Notably, the burbot spawns in midwinter under the ice. In the Netherlands it has become rare.

Frequently asked questions

How do you recognise the Burbot?

The Burbot has an elongate, eel-like body, is mainly brown and shows a marbled pattern.

Where does the Burbot live?

The Burbot lives in brackish water and is mostly found around sand or mud bottom.

How big does the Burbot get?

The Burbot grows to a maximum of about 152 cm. On average the species is around 40 cm.

Is the Burbot dangerous to humans?

No, the Burbot is harmless to humans.

Is the Burbot edible?

Yes, the Burbot is commonly eaten.

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All data

Identification

Dutch name
Kwabaal sourced
English name
Burbot verified
Scientific name
Lota lota
Family
Lotidae
Other names
Burbot verified

Appearance

Size class
Extra large verified
Max length (cm)
152.0 verified
Average length (cm)
40.0 verified
Body shape
Elongated (eel-like) sourced
Dominant colour
Brown sourced
Pattern
Marbled sourced
Tail shape
Rounded inferred
Mouth position
Terminal inferred
Lips
Thin inferred
Barbels
Yes verified
Dorsal fins
Two separate sourced
Dorsal spines
No verified

Habitat & distribution

Water type
Brackish sourced
Substrate
Sand / mud bottom sourced
Min depth (m)
1.0 verified
Max depth (m)
700.0 verified
Origin
Native verified

Behaviour & biology

Diet
Carnivore verified
Social behaviour
Solitary verified
Territorial
No verified
Activity
Nocturnal inferred
Reproduction
Separate sexes verified
Sexual dimorphism
No verified
levensduur_max_jaar
20.0 verified

For anglers

Edibility
Commonly eaten verified
Fishing method
Bodemvissen met natuurlijk aas (worm, garnaal of vis) op of vlak boven de bodem. inferred
Regulations source
FishBase ↗ inferred

Safety

Danger to humans
Harmless sourced

Status & sources

Sources
FishBase via GBIF (DwC-A), CC-BY-NC 4.0

More from the family Lotidae

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